胃痛宁片质量标准的研究

目的 建立胃痛宁片的质量标准.方法 采用TLC法对处方中龙胆粉进行定性鉴别,采用HPLC法测定蒲公英提取物中咖啡酸的质量分数.结果 在薄层色谱中可检出龙胆苦苷的特征斑点;咖啡酸回归方程为A=42.128 6ρ-19.133 2(r2=1),在6.29～ 62.9 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为96.4％,RSD为0.28％(n=6).结论 所建立的定性方法专属性强,定量方法简便、准确,能有效地控制胃痛宁片的质量.     

Microstructure Investigation of 13Cr-2Mo ODS Steel Components Obtained by High Voltage Electric Discharge Compaction Technique

Refractory oxide dispersion strengthened 13Cr-2Mo steel powder was successfully consolidated to near theoretical density using high voltage electric discharge compaction. Cylindrical samples with relative density from 90% to 97% and dimensions of 10 mm in diameter and 10–15 mm in height were obtained. Consolidation conditions such as pressure and voltage were varied in some ranges to determine the optimal compaction regime. Three different concentrations of yttria were used to identify its effect on the properties of the samples. It is shown that the utilized ultra-rapid consolidation process in combination with high transmitted energy allows obtaining high density compacts, retaining the initial structure with minimal grain growth. The experimental results indicate some heterogeneity of the structure which may occur in the external layers of the tested samples due to various thermal and electromagnetic in-processing effects. The choice of the optimal parameters of the consolidation enables obtaining samples of acceptable quality.     

Anodization Mechanism on SiC Nanoparticle Reinforced Al Matrix Composites Produced by Power Metallurgy

Specimens of aluminum-based composites reinforced by silicon carbide nanoparticles (Al/SiC_np) produced by powder metallurgy (PM) were anodized under voltage control in tartaric-sulfuric acid (TSA). In this work, the influence of the amount of SiC_np on the film growth during anodizing was investigated. The current density versus time response and the morphology of the porous alumina film formed at the composite surface are compared to those concerning a commercial aluminum alloy (AA1050) anodized under the same conditions. The processing method of the aluminum alloys influences the efficiency of the anodizing process, leading to a lower thicknesses for the unreinforced Al-PM alloy regarding the AA1050. The current density versus time response is strongly dependent on the amount of SiC_np. The current peaks and the steady-state current density recorded at each voltage step increases with the SiC_np volume fraction due to the oxidation of the SiC_np. The formation mechanism of the anodic film on Al/SiC_np composites is different from that occurring in AA1050, partly due the heterogeneous distribution of the reinforcement particles in the metallic matrix, but also to the entrapment of SiC_np in the anodic film.     

注射用华蟾素对大鼠心率及心电图的影响

目的观察注射用华蟾素对大鼠心率及心电图的影响,为该药在临床应用时监控心脏的不良反应提供实验依据。 方法大鼠经颈外静脉插管后恒速蠕动泵给药,标准肢体Ⅱ导联监测大鼠的心率及心电图;比较给药前后心率及心电图的变化。 结果静脉注射华蟾素注射液与注射用华蟾素中、大剂量30 min后均可使大鼠心率加快,分别为:(469±40),(466±29) 和(484±40)次·min-1,与空白对照组[(411±17)次·min-1]比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但随后恢复正常。少数大鼠可偶致心律失常(期前收缩、传导阻滞等),且相比于空白对照组[P-R间期:(46.90±3.90) ms,Q-T间期:(61.29±9.46) ms],给药后能明显缩短心电图的P-R间期[华蟾素注射液组(39.70±2.54) ms,注射用华蟾素中剂量组(37.70±3.77) ms,注射用华蟾素大剂量组(39.30±7.12) ms]和Q-T间期[注射用华蟾素中剂量组(55.13±4.67) ms,注射用华蟾素大剂量组(51.75±11.53) ms](P＜0.05),而对QRS与S-T段无明显改变。 结论注射用华蟾素对大鼠心脏有一定的毒副作用,可引起心率加快,偶发心律失常。     

根茎类药材丹参精准煮散饮片的质量评价

目的:对丹参精准煮散饮片进行质量评价,为临床用药安全有效提供保障。方法:应用第二内转录间隔区(ITS2)序列作为DNA条形码对丹参进行鉴定,采用化学指纹图谱表征药材化学组成,评价丹参原饮片及精准煮散饮片的相似度,测定指标成分丹酚酸B和迷迭香酸的含量,标定指纹图谱共有峰。采用标准汤剂煎煮法比较原饮片及精准煮散饮片的煎煮效率,对煮散体系进行综合评价。结果:ITS2序列对丹参药材可实现准确鉴定;原饮片及煮散饮片煎出成分基本无变化,指纹图谱相似度均很高,达到0.99以上,但是煮散饮片煎煮效率明显增高。按标准汤剂煎煮法,煮散饮片出膏率增加30%,迷迭香酸及丹酚酸B的煎出率均约1.7倍,其余化学成分的煎出率为原饮片的1.2~2.2倍;且精准煮散饮片差异明显小于原饮片批间差异。结论:丹参精准煮散饮片能提高原饮片的煎煮效率及均一性,具有较好的推广与应用价值。     

三七精准煮散饮片的研制——质量均一性分析

目的:饮片质量均一性是中药临床疗效稳定的基础,利用化学指纹图谱结合DNA分子鉴定技术考察三七精准煮散饮片与市售原饮片质量的均一性。方法:应用第二内转录间隔区(ITS2)序列DNA条形码对三七饮片进行分子鉴定;对比三七市售原饮片及精准煮散饮片的干膏收率;采用HPLC-DAD检测3批三七饮片混合粉碎前后的质量均一性和指纹图谱相似度。结果:三七煮散饮片出膏率显著高于原饮片出膏率;不同批次原饮片间指标成分三七皂苷R_1,人参皂苷Rg_1及Rb_1溶出量有明显的差异性,RSD分别为13.1%,32.7%及24.5%,混合制成煮散饮片后溶出量差异减小,RSD分别为3.6%,2.6%及3.5%;精准煮散饮片提取液中化学成分溶出量较原饮片高。混合粉碎后指纹图谱相似度提高,标定了共有峰14个,峰面积均有提高。结论:三七精准煮散饮片与市售原饮片基本属性相一致,但煮散饮片的浸出、有效成分溶出及质量均一性均有明显提高,提示煮散饮片可提高临床用药的精准性。     

血必净联合凉膈散治疗创伤性急性呼吸窘迫综合征临床观察

目的:观察血必净注射液静脉滴注联合凉膈散保留灌肠治疗创伤性中度急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)的临床疗效。方法:将ARDS患者40例随机分为治疗组和对照组各20例,治疗组在西医常规治疗的基础上,加用血必净注射液静脉滴注联合凉膈散保留灌肠治疗;对照组仅给予西医常规治疗,治疗7天后观察2组患者临床疗效、症状改善情况及实验室指标变化情况。结果:观察组患者呼吸窘迫程度、大便秘结方面与对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:血必净注射液静脉滴注联合凉膈散保留灌肠治疗创伤性中度急性呼吸窘迫综合征可有效缓解病情。     

石决明散加减方治疗肝经积热型前葡萄膜炎的临床研究

目的观察中药石决明散加减方治疗肝经积热型前葡萄膜炎的临床效果。方法前葡萄膜炎患者60例随机分为两组各30例,对照组采用眼局部治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用中药石决明散加减方中医辨证治疗,对比分析两组治疗效果。结果总有效率:治疗组为86.7%,对照组为76.7%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组在随访中,复发率治疗组为10.0%,对照组为26.7%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);中西医结合治疗其疗效优于对照组。结论中药石决明散加减方配合眼局部治疗可以缩短病程,提高疗效,减少复发。